Most TEC ships are either converted civilian trade ships(like all their cap-ships minus Kol and Sova) or desperate designs based around civilian ships, built to somehow stop the Vasari(like Kol, Kodiak and Garda). Only their Gauss Turrets, Sova Carriers, Javelis LRM Frigates, Hoshiko Robotics Cruisers, Fighters, and Bombers look like purpose-built military machines without any civilian background.
Most Advent designs look like they are purposely trying to make you look at them, hence being gaudy and over-curvaceous(like the Progenitor, Guardian, Illuminator, Disciple, and Defense Vessel). The others(like the Radiance, Crusader, Aeria, Fighter Drones and Bomber Drones) look like they were more focussed around the engineering, with looks being a secondary but still important consideration.
The Vasari are aliens and there is no point telling why their ships look as they do. Some things, like the Enforcer's large Wave cannon and the Transporter's hangar bay stand out, but the rest is completely random.